
Deformity models
Kyphosis, scoliosis and congenital deformity at true scale, for planning osteotomy levels and rehearsing the correction.
Spine · New
Severe kyphosis from a recent case, printed at true scale in one piece: every vertebra, every disc space, the apex of the deformity where you can put your hand on it.

Severe kyphosis
Vertebrae in bone colour, intervertebral discs in blue. We print the full length of a spine like this in one piece, with the discs in a second colour.
Clinical case, 2026. Shown with identifying details removed.
Services

Kyphosis, scoliosis and congenital deformity at true scale, for planning osteotomy levels and rehearsing the correction.
Pedicle diameter and screw paths measured on the segmented vertebrae, level by level, where the anatomy is distorted by the curve.
Patient-specific templates that seat on the lamina and guide the pedicle drill. On request, planned and approved level by level.
Evidence in spinal deformity
odds of an acceptably placed pedicle screw with a 3D-printed drill guide against free-hand, in spinal deformity surgery.
Liang 2021, Eur Spine J; 2,776 screwstotal screw placement time with the printed template.
Liang 2021blood loss with the printed template, with no difference in curve correction.
Liang 2021Measured in centres that also have fluoroscopy on demand and, often, navigation. Where those are limited, the printed guide and model carry more of the operation.
Send the CT of the whole curve. We reply with timeline and cost.